Neighborhood disadvantage refers to a concept in sociology and public health that examines how the physical and social characteristics of a community can impact the health and well-being of its residents. This research area explores how factors such as poverty, crime rates, inadequate access to healthcare, and limited educational opportunities in a neighborhood can contribute to negative health outcomes, social disparities, and overall quality of life for its residents. Researchers in this field often use a variety of methods, including quantitative analysis, surveys, and interviews, to understand the complex relationships between neighborhood disadvantage and health outcomes. The goal of this research is to inform policies and interventions that can help improve the health and well-being of individuals living in disadvantaged neighborhoods.